Oil burner



T. W. HUNTER OIL BURNER Filed Sept. 10, 1929 Jan. 17, 1933.

2 Sheets-Sheet l ilYfforvvegs Jan. 17, 1933. w, HUNTER 1,894,466

OIL BURNER Filed Sept. 10. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 [n ven 70 r 59 ThomasWf/Unfcr Patented Jan. 17, 1933 THOMAS HUNTER, F ALHAMBRA, CALIFORNIAOIL BURNER Application filed September 10, 1929. Serial No. 391,659.

This invention relates to an oil burner and particularly pertains to aburner of the open pan type as generally indicated in PatentNo.1,4c26,874, issued to me on the 22nd day of August, 1922.

It is the principal object of the present in? I vention to provide aburner structure substantially adapted for use with liquid hydrocarbonsand by which a thorough combustion of the hydrocarbons may be broughtabout without the objectionable accumulation of carbon deposits on theparts of the burner. This device has been especially designed for use inconnection with hot air heaters, and particularly in connectionwithheater structures used in poultryhouses and the like, where it isdesired to automatically maintain the air at a constant temperature andto regu late the flow of oil to'the burner under thermo- 2Q staticcontrol to maintain the desired temperature. 7 In designing a burner ofthis type it is necessary to insure satisfactory. continuous combustionof the hydrocarbons with a minimum deposit of carbon on the parts whichwould tend to decrease the heating efiiciency of the burner and alsomake it possible in some instances for the liquid fuel, or portionsofit, to escape from the burner-without combustion. A burner of thedesign here shown produces a thorough mixture of the liquid fuel and airsupporting combustion so that irrespective of the rate of flow of thefuel from the burner the combustion will be thorough and the fuel willburn with a clear bright flame.

The present invention contemplates the provision 'of 'a liquid fuelsupply pipe having an upturned discharge end in communication 4Q with afuel well over the sides of which the oil may flow into a combustioncompartment within which the fuel gasifies and intimately contacts withair supporting combustion to F produce propercombustion thereof.

Q The inventionis illustrated by way of example in the accompanyingdrawings in which:

Figure 1 is a view in vertical section through the burner showing theconstruction of the burner parts and circulating means for the liquidfuel and the air supporting combustion. 1 f

Fig. 2 is a view in plan showing the design of the burner. r

Fig. .3 is an enlarged View in transverse vertical section through theburner with the cover removed therefrom.

Fig. 4: is a view in plan showing the base element of the burner and theoil pans and air ducts. i 0

Fig..-5 is a fragmentary view in vertical section taken through theassembled structure on the lines 5-5 of Fig.2 of the drawing and showingthe relation of the-cover cap to the segmental fuel pans and the mannerin which air flows in'relation thereto. 7

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 10 indicates the basestructure of a heat-- ing unit with which the present invention isconcerned. The heat chamber 11 is provided 7 V with an intermediate airpassageway 12 through which air may flow to the burner which burner isindicated at 13 in the drawin'gs. 1 p The burner, comprises a base.portion 14 seated upon the floor 15 of the heating com-. partment and.circumscribing an opening 16 in the floor; hisbase includes an upwardlyextending circular side wall 17 ofsubstantially the same inside diameteras the diameter of so the opening 16 through the floor At differ: entpoints along the circumference of the base fastening lugs 18 areprovided carrying screws 19 bywhich the base maybe secured to the floor15. As clearly shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings segmental pans 20 and 21extend inwardly from the wall 17 of the base and are formed'integraliwith fire andgas directing baffle walls 22 and 23,which'extend upwardly from a'disc-shaped 5001 24 ofthe burner base asmore clearly shown in Fig. 1.

The pans 20 and 21 are bounded on their opposite sides by vertical wallmembers 25 i and 26. These members are of a lesser heighth than that ofthe retaining walls 22 and 23, as well as the'circumscribingbase wall17. Formed as a continuation-of the walls 25 and 26, and extendinginwardly and radially beyond the ends of the arcuate retaining walls 22and 23 are'bafrle walls 27 which terminate at the outer edge of anannular oil groove 28 formed in the floor 24 of the combustion chamber29 of the burner structure.

. The groove 28 is concentric with the. center of the base 14 and isbound along a part of its outer edge by the arcuate retaining walls 22and 23. These walls do not, however, continually circumscribe the centerof .the burner and thus provide throats 30 and 31 between the bafflewalls 27 and across the groove 28 upon diametrical sides of the burn-er.The inner side of the groove 28 is defined by circular rib 32 whichextends upwardly, is spaced from and circumscribes a tubular well 33into the bottom of which liquid fuel is delivered and over the upper lipof which fuel may ebullate; The oil well 33 has a downwardly extendinglip 34 into which pipe connection 35 is threaded. This pipe is fittedwith an elbow and liquid fuel feed pipe 36. By examining the structureit will thus be evident that oil may flow upwardly through the well 33and flow over the edges thereof into a groove 37 circumscribing the welland then over the rib 32 into the groove 28. Y I

Disposed above the base structure 14 and acting as a cover therefor, aswell asco-operating therewith to form air circulating ducts is a coverstructure 38. This structure is disc shaped having notches 39 in itsopposite sides to register with upwardly projecting lugs 40 formed ontheedge of the circular '1 flange 17 of the'base 14. These membersproperly position the cover with relation to the base and partsthereof.Formed, centrally of the cover is a rectangular opening 41, which isdisposed directly over the mouth of the "oil Well 33, although ofconsiderably greater area than the diameter of the well. Disposed uponopposite sides of the opening and formed as a part of the cover are twoair passageways 42 and 43whi'ch are arcuate in shape and extend alongthe major sides of the rectangular opening 41; These passageways areoffset verticallyfrom the upper face of the cover and occupy the areadirectly above the segmental oil pans 20 and 21, and

, extend at opposite ends slightly therebeyond.

By reference to Figs. 4 and 5 it'will be seen that the opposite ends ofthe arcuate ducts 42 and 43 in the cover 38 overhang the segmental airp'assageways44 and 45 in the base 14, and extend along and between theWalls 17 and 22 of the base and are terminated 'by the walls 25 and 26of the oil pans 20 and 21.

In the operation of the present invention liquid fuelis-deliveredthrough the pipe 36.

a uniform 'stream 'along the outer side wall of the well 33 and into thegroove 37, circumscribing the'well. It will then fiow outward- 1y overthe circular rib 32 into the groove 24. The rib will act as a baffle forthe outwardly flowing liquid which is radiating in its flow fromthe'wall of the well 33 and will thus insure that the flow of the liquidwill be slow and that the liquid will have an opportunity to properlyignite and tohave thorough combustion] The liquid is confined in itsfurther outward flow due to the presence of the walls'22and-23 whichcircum- V scribe the floor 24. This liquid may however flow out into thepans 20 and 21 and expose an additional surface area of liquid tocombustion. A drain pipe 46 extends into the bottom of the pan21 at apoint between the outer wall 17 and the baflie rib 47 shown in Fig. 4;

its combustion will be more thoroughly efi'ective. The lowerportion orbase of the burner is covered with the cap structure previous lydescribed and thus insures that air may pass into theburner through thepassageways 44 and 45 and then upwardly between the outer wall 1"? ofthe base and the outer walls 22 and 23 of the burner structure asindicated by the arrows in Figs. 1 and .5. The airpwill then passupwardly into the arcuate air ducts V 42 and 43 of the cap as clearlyshown in Fig."

5 and will pass over the radial walls 25 and 26 at opposite sides of theoil pans 20 and 21. The air will then flow downwardlybetween thesewallsand inwardly toward the well 33 while passing over the surface ofthe oil accumulated'onthe floor of the pans 20 and 21 and on the floor24 of the burner. c

As the air passesinwardly as confined by the converging sidewalls 25 and26, it will pass through the restricted openings 30 and 31, therebygiving it increased velocity, and

will thereafter expand and pass around the in a manner to produce aneddy rcurrent traveling in a horizontal plane over the surface of theoiland to insure that the air will be uniformly and thoroughly mixedwith the gaseous fuel and liquid fuel itself. Bythis means efficientcombustion is insured and, the products of combustion will pass upwardlyand outwardly through the opening 41' in the cover 38.

. A comparison of this burner with other if burners of similar type hasproventhat due to the manner in which the air is directed'in the burnercompartment and agitated,jan l caused to co-mingle with the liquid fueland r its gaseous-vapors, a relatively high degree projecting portions27 of the walls25 and 26, I

of efiiciency is obtained, and a burner is produced which insures asufficiently thorough combustion to make it unnecessary to clean theburner except after long periods of use.

While I have shown the preferred form of my invention as now known tome, it will be understood that various changes may be made in thecombination, construction and arrangement of parts by those skilled inthe art, without departure from the spirit of the invention as claimed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure byLetters l ate ent is: 1

1. A burner comprising an annular frame, a plurality of segmental pansintegral with said frame, a fuel well intermediate of said pans, anannular basin surrounding said well and being integral with said pans,converging walls banding said pans, arcuate air passages within saidframe and positioned to the side of said pans, a baflie wall betweensaid passages and said basin, said baflie'wall terminating in a planeintersected by the walls bounding said pans, a cover for said burner,grooves in said cover, said grooves being positioned to overhang saidpassages and said pans whereby air may be conducted from said passagesto said pans to promote combustion within said burner.

2. An oil burner comprising a base member having a central annularcombustion chamber, a fuel supply pipe communicating centrally thereof,atubular wall projecting upwardly from said fuel supply pipe anddisposed concentrically with relation tothe central wall of thecombustion chamber, a circular side wall carried by the base andcircumscribing the combustion chamber, said wall being in spacedrelation thereto, a'pair of segmental fuel pans disposed upon oppositesides of the combustion chamber and spanning the space between thecircular side wall and the outer edge of the combustion chamber, theopposite sides of said pans being bounded by Vertical radial wallsections of lesser width than the side wall, the space between saidwalls at opposite sides of the pans being opened between the combustionchamber and the side walls topermit a free flow of air upwardly throughthe base, and a cover for said burner having its major portion in aplane with the upper edge of the side wall and arcuate offset ductsprojecting above said plane in the area of the segmental panswhereby airmay float upwardly over the vertical walls of said pans and thenceradially into the combustion chamber, the center of said cover platebeing opened to permit the flame to pass upwardly through said coverplate and from the burner.

3. An oil burner comprising a base member having a central annularcombustion chamber, a fuel supply pipe communicating centrally thereof,a tubular wall projecting upwardly from -said fuel supply pipe anddisposedconcentrically with'relati'on to the central wall ofthei-combustion chamber, a circular side wall carried by the base andcircumscribing the combustion chamber, said wall'being inspacedrelationthereto, a pair of segmental fuel pans disposed upon oppositesides of the combustion chamber and spanning the space'between thecircular side wall and the outer edge of the combustion chamber, theopposite sides of said pans being boundedby vertical radial wallsections of lesser width than the sidewall, the space betweensaid-.Lw'alls' atopposite sides of the pans being opened between thecombustion chamber and the side walls to permit a free flow of airupwardly through the base, a cover for said burner, having its majorportion in a plane with the upper edge of the side Wall and arcuateoffset ducts projecting above said plane in the area of the segmentalpans whereby air may float upwardly over the vertical walls of said pansand thence radially into the combustion chamber, the center of saidcover plate being opened to permit the flame to pass upwardly throughsaid cover plate and from the burner, and arcuate grooves extending fromthe wall of one segmental pan to the wall of the other and being boundedat the inner edge by the relative low wall of the combustion chamberwhereby oil accumulating on the floor of the combustion chamber mayoverflow into these grooves 4. An oil burner comprising a base memberhaving a central annular combustion chamber, a fuel supply pipecommunicating centrally thereof, a tubular wall projecting upwardly fromsaid fuel supply pipe and disposed concentrically with relation to thecentral wall of the combustion chamber, a circular side wall carried bythe base and circumscribing the combustionchamber, said wall being inspaced relation thereto, a pair of segmental fuel pans disposed uponopposite sides of the combustion chamber and spanning the space betweenthe circular side wall and the outer edge of the combustion chamber, theopposite sides of said pans being bounded by vertical radial wallsections of lesser width than the side wall, the space be: tween saidwalls at opposite sides of the pans being opened between the combustionchamber and the side walls to permit a free flow of air upwardly throughthe base, a cover for said burner, having its major portion-in a planewith the upper edge ofthe side wall and arcuate offset ductsprojectiongabove said plane in the area of the: segmental pans whereby air mayfloat upwardly over the vertical walls of said pans and thence radiallyinto the combustion chamber, the center of said cover plate being openedto permit the flame to pass upwardly through said cover 7 plate and fromthe burner, arcuate grooves 4 Leeeeee extending from the wall of onesegmental pen to the wall of the other end being bound ed at the inneredge by the r latively low Wall orf'the combustion chamber whereby oilaccumulating on the :floer tof theeembust-ion chamber may overflow intothese grooves, and a rib extending upwardly from the floo f one of thesegmental pens and transversally thereof to permit a predeterminedquantity of fuel to be impounded upon the floor of the :combustionchamber within the arena-te grooves and upon the fleors of the segmentalpans.

THQMAS W. HUNTER.

